Bolton made shutters for a perfect local finish—no imports, no nonsense.
Why Bolton Houses Demand Shutters in 2025
Okay, so youre thinking about shutters for your Bolton home in 2025? Shutters in Bolton . Excellent phone call. While they could feel like just a rather home window covering, there are some seriously practical reasons why theyre becoming more and more crucial for Bolton home owners. Consider it: our climates obtaining more unpredictable, right? Hotter summers, cooler winter seasons, and those sudden rainstorms we all recognize and love. Shutters act like a buffer. In the summer, they block out the rough sun, maintaining your residence cooler and conserving you money on a/c. Come winter months, they supply an extra layer of insulation, assisting to maintain the warmth in and those energy costs down.
Beyond the climate, lets discuss personal privacy and protection. With Bolton growing, points are obtaining a little tighter knit. Shutters provide a degree of personal privacy that blinds and drapes just cant match. You can change them to let the light in while still maintaining spying eyes out. And allows be sincere, visually, they add a sense of security, also, possibly preventing prospective trespassers.
Ultimately, and this is a huge one, shutters can seriously enhance your homes curb charm. They include a touch of sophistication and elegance that just boosts the entire appearance of your residence. And in an affordable residential property market like Boltons, that can make a genuine difference when it comes time to sell. So, yeah, shutters in 2025? Theyre not just a trend, theyre a wise investment for any type of Bolton property owner.
Sorts Of Shutters Available in Bolton: A 2025 Contrast
Okay, so youre thinking about shutters in Bolton in 2025? Smart relocate! Theyre a great investment, including design and worth to your home. But with so many options around, it can feel frustrating. Allows break down the kinds youll likely be choosing from in Bolton come 2025.
Think of it such as this: youve got your traditional ranch shutters, the workhorses of the shutter globe. These are those wide-louvered charms, commonly made of wood or a wood compound. Theyre unbelievably versatile, allowing lots of light or obstructing it out completely, and they look great in almost any type of area. Expect to see more environment-friendly and sustainable options right here, with producers focusing on sensibly sourced materials.
After that there are tier-on-tier shutters. Picture two sets of shutters, one on top of the various other, that can be run independently. This is dazzling for personal privacy when you want light from the leading half of your home window yet need to keep the bottom fifty percent shut. Great for street-facing rooms!
Youll also find strong panel shutters, which are much more traditional, nearly like internal wooden doors for your home windows. While theyre not as common as hacienda shutters, they provide amazing insulation and light barring, best for bed rooms or creating a cosy atmosphere.
And do not ignore cafe-style shutters. These just cover the lower part of your window, offering privacy while still allowing plenty of light to stream in from above. Theyre specifically preferred in bathroom and kitchens.
Expecting 2025, anticipate to see ongoing advancements in materials. Polymer shutters, which are very durable and moisture-resistant, will likely become much more prevalent, especially in restrooms and kitchen areas. Well also see even more smart shutter alternatives-- believe mechanized shutters you can manage with your phone or voice aide, best for comfort and power efficiency.
Lastly, consider the coating. From repainted to tarnished, the choices are countless. Bolton property owners are progressively opting for customized colours to flawlessly match their style. So, whether you're after a timeless, modern, or something completely unique, youll have lots to select from in 2025. Shop around, do your research study, and locate the shutters that ideal fit your style and your home!
Benefits of Setting Up Shutters: Beyond Aesthetics
Shutters in Bolton: 2025s Ultimate Overview-- Advantages of Putting Up Shutters: Beyond Looks
Okay, so you're thinking about shutters for your home in Bolton. Maybe you've been reeled in by their classic look, the method they include a touch of elegance to any type of home window. And yeah, shutters are indisputably gorgeous. But honestly, dismissing them as simply an aesthetic choice is a big oversight. In 2025, with power expenses increasing and a higher focus on lasting living, the advantages of shutters extend much beyond basic curb appeal.
Consider it: Bolton wintertimes can be brutal. Shutters provide an additional layer of insulation, capturing heat inside your home and substantially decreasing your home heating bills. That's money back in your pocket, individuals! And in the summer season, when the sun beats down non-stop, shutting your shutters assists maintain the interior cool, minimizing the strain on your cooling. Were chatting severe power cost savings here.
Beyond temperature level control, shutters offer unparalleled light control. Want to flood your space with sunshine? Open them wide. Required to create a cozy, darkened space for a movie night? Just adjust the louvers. That degree of flexibility is something blinds and curtains just can not match.
After that theres the personal privacy element. Shutters permit you to enjoy all-natural light without sacrificing your assurance. You can angle the louvers to allow the light in while still protecting against spying eyes from peeking inside. It's a fantastic method to maintain your personal privacy without needing to reside in a continuous state of darkness.
And allows not forget about longevity. High-grade shutters are built to last. Unlike lightweight blinds that damage easily, shutters are an investment that can add value to your home for several years ahead. They're very easy to tidy, require very little upkeep, and can endure the wear and tear of every day life.
So, yes, shutters look great. They include a touch of class and beauty to any kind of home. However in 2025, the actual appeal of shutters depends on their useful benefits: power effectiveness, light control, privacy, and durable resilience. Theyre not just a rather face; theyre a wise financial investment for your Bolton home.
Choosing the Right Shutter Style for Your Bolton Residential property
So, youre thinking of shutters for your Bolton home in 2025? Excellent option! Shutters are a superb means to increase your curb appeal, control light, and add a touch of sophistication. However with many designs available, choosing the "" right"" one can feel a little overwhelming. Its not almost aesthetics; its regarding discovering a shutter that complements your homes design, your way of living, and also the details needs of each space.
Think of it. Do you have a cozy cottage that would take advantage of the rustic charm of vineyard shutters? Or probably a modern-day, minimal condominium where sleek, contemporary shutters would be a perfect fit? Think about the capability too. Are you searching for maximum light control and personal privacy in your bedrooms? Then strong panel shutters may be excellent. Or are you hoping to let in a lot of all-natural light while still preserving some privacy in your living-room? Cafe shutters, which cover only the reduced section of the home window, can be just the ticket.
And do not forget about materials! Timber shutters offer a timeless, warm feeling, while vinyl shutters are a resilient and low-maintenance option, particularly for bathrooms or kitchen areas. Inevitably, choosing the appropriate shutter style for your Bolton residential property has to do with locating the sweet area where beauty fulfills functionality. Take your time, discover the different options, and imagine just how each design will boost your homes one-of-a-kind character. Youll be amazed at the difference the appropriate shutters can make.
Professional Shutter Installation vs. DIY in Bolton
So, youre considering shutters for your Bolton home in 2025, thats great! Theyre a classic choice that adds genuine worth. But after that comes the huge concern: should you employ the pros for specialist shutter setup, or tackle it on your own and go the DIY path? Allows be honest, both have their appeals.
The do it yourself dream is tempting, ideal? Conserving money is a big motivator. You picture yourself, armed with a degree and a drill, expertly fitting those shutters. And maybe you can pull it off. If youre genuinely useful, have experience with similar jobs, and possess the right tools, DIY shutter installment may be viable. Nevertheless, keep in mind that shutters aren't just attractive; they require to function smoothly. A a little off-kilter installation can cause voids, sticking, and a generally wonky appearance that shrieks "" do it yourself failed.""
On the other side, expert shutter installation offers comfort. These guys (and gals!) are professionals. They understand the nuances of suitable shutters to various home window types, ensuring a perfect fit and smooth operation. Theyve got the specialized tools and the experience to take care of any type of unforeseen obstacles that might appear. Plus, an expert installment often includes a guarantee, providing security versus any kind of problems or concerns down the line. Yes, its a lot more costly upfront, however think of it as an investment in top quality and long life. Bolton shutter specialists who make windows fabulous one louvre at a time.
Ultimately, the selection boils down to your ability level, your budget, and your tolerance for threat. If youre certain in your abilities and going to place in the time and effort, DIY may be worth a shot. But if you value accuracy, peace of mind, and a remarkable finish, specialist installment is the method to go. Consider it in this manner: are you comfortable possibly redesigning the entire job if you screw up? If the response is no, employ the professionals. Besides, you desire those shutters to look amazing for many years to come in your Bolton home.
Keeping Your Shutters: Tips for Long Life in Boltons Environment
Okay, so youve obtained shutters in Bolton, eh? Smart relocate! They add a touch of class and truly improve visual allure. However lets be real, Boltons weather condition isn't constantly a stroll in the park. We get everything from cooking sun in the summertime to icy blasts in the winter months. That suggests your shutters require a little tender loving care to keep them looking their ideal for years ahead. Think of it such as this-- a little preventative maintenance now saves you a great deal of headaches (and money!) in the future.
First points initially: cleaning. Appears basic, yet routine cleaning is important. Dirt, dust, and also pollen can develop and cause damages with time. Provide an excellent laundry down a few times a year with a moderate soap and water solution. And do not neglect to rinse extensively!
Next off, keep an eye out for any type of signs of deterioration. Splits, peeling paint, or distorted timber are all red flags. Resolving these issues early can prevent them from coming to be bigger, much more pricey troubles. A little touch-up paint can work marvels, and for even more serious damage, you might wish to seek advice from an expert.
Ultimately, take into consideration the product of your shutters. Timber shutters, while gorgeous, need to be secured or painted routinely to shield them from the elements. Plastic shutters are normally extra low-maintenance, however they can still discolor or crack in extreme climate. So, tailoring your maintenance to the details sort of shutter you have is crucial.
Basically, maintaining your shutters in tip-top shape in Boltons environment is about being positive. A little bit of treatment and interest will certainly go a lengthy way in guaranteeing they last for many years to come, including appeal and value to your home. Think of it as a financial investment in your houses future-- and a way to maintain Bolton looking its finest, one shutter at a time!
Expense Factors To Consider: Budgeting for Shutters in Bolton (2025)
Okay, so youre thinking about shutters in Bolton in 2025? Outstanding option! Theyre elegant, useful, and can really include worth to your home. But lets be genuine, the beautiful vision needs to satisfy the fact of your budget. Thats where cost factors to consider can be found in.
Budgeting for shutters isn't practically selecting a number out of thin air.
Shutters in Bolton: 2025's Ultimate Guide - Shutter fitting Bolton means no gaps, no stress, and no drama—just perfectly fitted shutters.
Shutter installation Bolton is smooth, fast, and done by people who actually read the instructions.
Shutters in Farnworth that fit right and look even better.
Window coverings Bolton that actually cover the window—novel idea, right?
Its regarding understanding what influences the cost and figuring out what youre going to invest to accomplish the appearance and functionality you desire. Consider it: the kind of shutter product makes a significant distinction. Timber is gorgeous and supplies a classic feel, yet its normally much more expensive than faux wood or plastic. Then theres the size and shape of your windows. Undoubtedly, bigger or abnormally designed windows call for even more product and even more custom job, which translates to a greater cost.
Installment is another element often forgot. Are you a DIY whiz, or will you require a professional installer? While DIY can save cash ahead of time, a messed up installment can lead to problems down the line and potentially cost you extra out of commission. Expert installation makes sure an excellent fit and correct procedure.
Dont neglect to consider possible extras. Do you desire a details paint color or discolor? Are you considering motorized shutters for ease? These little enhancements can accumulate, so its best to be knowledgeable about them from the start.
Finally, obtain quotes from multiple reputable shutter business in Bolton. This permits you to compare costs and solutions, and possibly discuss a better bargain. And remember, the least expensive option isn't constantly the best. Bolton made shutters for a perfect local finish—no imports, no nonsense. Take into consideration the quality of the products, the guarantee provided, and the companys online reputation prior to deciding. By very carefully considering these elements, you can create a realistic budget plan and guarantee you get the perfect shutters for your Bolton home without damaging the bank.
Discovering Respectable Shutter Suppliers and Installers in Bolton
Locating the ideal shutters for your Bolton home in 2025 does not simply suggest choosing a design you such as-- its about ensuring theyre adeptly mounted and built to last. Thats why finding reputable shutter suppliers and installers is definitely essential. Think about it like this: you might get one of the most lovely dress, however if its inadequately customized, it simply wont look right. The very same applies to shutters.
So, exactly how do you browse the potentially overwhelming globe of shutter companies? Start with your network. Ask buddies, household, and even neighbors in Bolton whove had actually shutters installed. Word-of-mouth references are commonly the most trustworthy.
Next, hop online. But don't just thoughtlessly click on the first site you see. Review reviews very carefully, searching for regular themes. Are consumers regularly commending the companys communication, the high quality of their items, and the professionalism of their installers? Or exist repeating issues regarding hidden expenses, inferior craftsmanship, or less competent customer service?
Dont hesitate to ask possible suppliers for referrals. A credible company will enjoy to supply you with call details for previous customers. And when you do speak to those referrals, ask details questions: Were they delighted with the installation procedure? Have the shutters held up more than time? Did the business honor their guarantee?
Finally, get numerous quotes. This isn't practically finding the least expensive alternative; its regarding contrasting the quality of the shutters, the range of the setup, and the total service being offered. Remember, the most inexpensive alternative isn't constantly the most effective in the future. A slightly extra costly, yet more trusted, provider could conserve you frustrations and money down the line by giving a better product and a much more specialist installment. Investing the moment to locate the ideal provider and installer will ensure you lovely, lasting shutters that genuinely enhance your Bolton home.
Bolton (/ˈboʊltən/ⓘBOHL-tən, locally /ˈboʊtən/BOH-tən)[2] is a town in Greater Manchester in England. In the foothills of the West Pennine Moors, Bolton is between Manchester, Blackburn, Wigan, Bury and Salford. It is surrounded by several towns and villages that form the wider borough, of which Bolton is the administrative centre. The town is within the historic county boundaries of Lancashire.
A former mill town, Bolton has been a centre for textile production since the 14th century when Flemish weavers settled in the area, introducing a wool and cotton-weaving tradition. It was a 19th-century boomtown, development largely coincided with the introduction of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution. At its peak in 1929, its 216 cotton mills and 26 bleaching and dyeing works made it one of the largest and most productive centres of cotton spinning in the world. The British cotton industry declined sharply after the First World War and, by the 1980s, cotton manufacture had virtually ceased in the town.
The town has a population of 184,073, whilst the wider metropolitan borough has a population of 296,169. Bolton originated as a small settlement in the moorland known as Bolton le Moors. In the English Civil War, the town was a Parliamentarian outpost in 1644 in a staunchly Royalist region and, as a result, the Royalist Prince Rupert of the Rhine led the 1644 storming of Bolton of 3,000 Royalist troops in which is also referred to as The Bolton Massacre, with 1,600 residents perished and 700 were taken prisoner.
Bolton Wanderers football club now play home games at the Toughsheet Community Stadium in Horwich. Cultural interests include the Octagon Theatre and the Bolton Museum and Art Gallery, as well as one of the earliest public libraries established after the Public Libraries Act 1850.
History
[edit]
Toponymy
[edit]
Bolton is a common Northern English name derived from the Old English bothl-tun, meaning a settlement with a dwelling.[3][4] The first recorded use of the name, in the form Boelton, dates from 1185 to describe Bolton le Moors, though this may not be in relation to a dwelling.[5] It was recorded as Bothelton in 1212, Botelton in 1257, Boulton in 1288, and Bolton after 1307.[6] Later forms of Botheltun were Bodeltown, Botheltun-le-Moors, Bowelton, Boltune, Bolton-super-Moras, Bolton-in-ye-Moors, Bolton-le-Moors.[7]
The town's motto of Supera Moras means "overcome difficulties" (or "delays"), and is a pun on the Bolton-super-Moras version of the name meaning literally, "Bolton on the moors".[8] The name itself is referred to in the badge of the Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council using a form of visual pun, a rebus, in combining motifs of arrow for 'bolt' and heraldic crown for 'tun', the term for the central high point of a defensive position that is the etymon of the suffix of Bolton.[8]
Early history to the Civil War
[edit]
There is evidence of human existence on the moors around Bolton since the early part of the Bronze Age, including a stone circle on Cheetham Close above Egerton,[9] and Bronze Age burial mounds on Winter Hill.[10] A Bronze Age mound was excavated in Victorian times outside Haulgh Hall. The Romans built roads from Manchester to Ribchester to the east and a road along what is now the A6 to the west. It is claimed that Agricola built a fort at Blackrod by clearing land above the forest. Evidence of a Saxon settlement exists in the form of religious objects found when the Victorian parish church was built.[11]
In 1067 Great Bolton was the property of Roger de Poitou and after 1100, of Roger de Meresheys. Bolton became the property of the Pilkington family until they forfeited the land in the Wars of the Roses. The land was given to the Stanley family and thus the Earls of Derby who became royalists in the English Civil War. The area surrounding Bolton was subsequently divided into four parts including the Stanley family, the Earl of Bradford, a Freeman and various other parties.[12] Great Bolton and Little Bolton were part of the Marsey fee, in 1212 Little Bolton was held by Roger de Bolton as plough-land, by the service of the twelfth part of a knight's fee to Randle de Marsey.[13] The parish church in Bolton has an early foundation although the exact date is unknown; it was given by the lord of the manor to the Gilbertine canons of Mattersey Priory in Nottinghamshire, founded by Roger de Marsey.[14]
Ye Olde Man & Scythe
A charter to hold a market in Churchgate was granted on 14 December 1251 by King Henry III of England.[15] Bolton became a market town and borough by a charter from the Earl of Derby, William de Ferrers, on 14 January 1253, and a market was held until the 18th century. Burgage plots were laid out on Churchgate and Deansgate in the centre of the medieval town close to where Ye Olde Man & Scythe public house, dating from 1251, is situated today.[16] In 1337 Flemish weavers settled and introduced the manufacture of woollen cloth.[17] More Flemish weavers, fleeing the Huguenot persecutions, settled here in the 17th century. The second wave of settlers wove fustian, a rough cloth made of linen and cotton.[18] Digging sea coal was recorded in 1374.[6] There was an outbreak of the plague in the town in 1623.[6]
During the English Civil War, the people of Bolton were Puritans and supported the Parliamentarian cause.[14] A parliamentary garrison in the town was attacked twice without success but on 28 May 1644 Prince Rupert's Royalist army with troops under the command of the Earl of Derby attacked again. The attack became known as the Bolton Massacre in which 1,500 died, 700 were taken prisoner and the town plundered.[18] The attackers took to referring to the town as the "Geneva of the North", referencing Geneva's dominant Calvinism, although historian Malcolm Hardman says this was a description borne "more of irritation than accuracy".[19] At the end of the Civil War, Lord Derby was tried as a traitor at Chester and condemned to death. When his appeal for pardon to parliament was rejected he attempted to escape but was recaptured. For his part in the massacre, he was executed outside Ye Olde Man & Scythe Inn on 15 October 1651.[6]
Industrial Revolution onward
[edit]
Swan Lane Mills
Bolton was a 19th-century boomtown and, at its zenith in 1929, its 216 cotton mills and 26 bleaching and dyeing works made it one of the largest and most productive centres of cotton spinning in the world. The British cotton industry declined sharply after the First World War and, by the 1980s, cotton manufacture had virtually ceased in Bolton.
A tradition of cottage spinning and weaving and improvements to spinning technology by local inventors, Richard Arkwright and Samuel Crompton, led to rapid growth of the textile industry in the 19th century. Crompton, whilst living at Hall i' th' Wood, invented the spinning mule in 1779. Streams draining the surrounding moorland into the River Croal provided the water necessary for the bleach works that were a feature of this area.[20] Bleaching using chlorine was introduced in the 1790s by the Ainsworths at Halliwell Bleachworks. Bolton and the surrounding villages had more than thirty bleachworks including the Lever Bank Bleach Works in the Irwell Valley.[21] The mule revolutionised cotton spinning by combining the roller drafting of Arkwright's water frame with the carriage drafting and spindle tip twisting of James Hargreaves's spinning jenny, producing a high quality yarn. Self-acting mules were used in Bolton mills until the 1960s producing fine yarn.[21] The earliest mills were situated by the streams and river as at Barrow Bridge, but steam power led to the construction of the large multi-storey mills and their chimneys that dominated Bolton's skyline, some of which survive today.[18]
Growth of the textile industry was assisted by the availability of coal in the area. By 1896 John Fletcher had coal mines at Ladyshore in Little Lever; The Earl of Bradford had a coal mine at Great Lever; the Darcy Lever Coal Company had mines at Darcy Lever and there were coal mines at Tonge, Breightmet, Deane and Doffcocker. Some of these pits were close to the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal providing the owners with markets in Bolton and Manchester.[22] Coal mining declined in the 20th century.
Important transport links contributed to the growth of the town and the textile industry; the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal[18] constructed in 1791, connected the town to Bury and Manchester providing transport for coal and other basic materials. The Bolton and Leigh Railway, the oldest in Lancashire, opened to goods traffic in 1828 and Great Moor Street station opened to passengers in 1831. The railway initially connected Bolton to the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Leigh, an important link with the port of Liverpool for the import of raw cotton from America, but was extended in 1829 to link up with the Manchester to Liverpool Line.[18] Local firms built locomotives for the railway, in 1830 "Union" was built by Rothwell, Hick and Company and two locomotives, "Salamander" and "Veteran" were built by Crook and Dean.[23]
Bolton's first Mayor, Charles James Darbishire was sympathetic to Chartism and a supporter of the Anti-Corn Law League. In August 1839 Bolton was besieged by Chartist rioters and the Riot Act was read and special constables sworn in. The mayor accompanied soldiers called to rescue special constables at Little Bolton Town Hall, which was besieged by a mob, and the incident ended without bloodshed.[24] Derby Barracks was established in Fletcher Street in the early 1860s.[25]
One of two statues prominent on Victoria Square near Bolton Town Hall is that of Samuel Taylor Chadwick (1809 – 3 May 1876) a philanthropist who donated funds to Bolton Hospital to create an ear, nose and throat ward. Built houses for people living in cellars, through Bolton Council fought for better public health including cleaner water, established the Chadwick Orphanage, improved the Bolton Workhouse and funded the towns natural history museum that was the basis of the present Bolton Museum at Le Mans Crescent, the original museum was in a building at Queens Park.[26] The second statue at Victoria Square is in memory of a former Bolton Mayor Sir Benjamin Alfred Dobson (1847–1898) who died in office in 1898, he was a textile machinery manufacturer and chairman of Dobson & Barlow, a significant employer in the town.[27][28][29] By 1900 Bolton was Lancashire's third largest engineering centre after Manchester and Oldham. About 9,000 men were employed in the industry, half of them working for Dobson and Barlow in Kay Street.[30]
Another engineering company Hick, Hargreaves & Co based at the Soho Foundry made Lancashire boilers and heavy machinery.[31] Thomas Ryder and Son of Turner Bridge manufactured machine tools for the international motor industry. Wrought iron was produced for more than 100 years at Thomas Walmsley and Sons' Atlas Forge.[32]
By 1911 the textile industry in Bolton employed about 36,000 people.[33] As of 1920, the Bolton Cardroom Union had more than 15,000 members, while the Bolton Weavers' Association represented 13,500 workers.[34] The last mill to be constructed was Sir John Holden's Mill in 1927.[33] The cotton industry declined from the 1920s. A brief upturn after the Second World War was not sustained, and the industry had virtually vanished by the end of the 20th century.
During the night of 26 September 1916, Bolton was the target for an aerial offensive. L21, a Zeppelin commanded by Oberleutnant Kurt Frankenburg of the Imperial German Navy, dropped twenty-one bombs on the town, five of them on the working class area of Kirk Street, killing thirteen residents and destroying six houses. Further attacks followed on other parts of the town, including three incendiaries dropped close to the Town Hall.[35][36]
Lord Leverhulme
[edit]
In 1899 William Lever, Lord Leverhulme, bought Hall i'th' Wood as a memorial to Samuel Crompton inventor of the spinning mule. Lever restored the dilapidated building and presented it to the town in 1902, having turned it into a museum furnished with household goods typical of domestic family life in the 16th and 17th centuries. Lever re-endowed Bolton Schools, giving land and his house on Chorley New Road. He presented the town with 67 acres (270,000 m2) of land for a public park which the corporation named Leverhulme Park in 1914.[37] In 1902 he gave the people of Bolton Lever Park at Rivington. In 1911, Lever consulted Thomas Mawson, landscape architect and lecturer in Landscape Design at the University of Liverpool, regarding town planning in Bolton. Mawson published "Bolton – a Study in Town Planning and Civic Art" and gave lectures entitled "Bolton Housing and Town Planning Society" which formed the basis of an illustrated book "Bolton – as it is and as it might be". In 1924, Leverhulme presented Bolton Council with an ambitious plan to rebuild the town centre based on Mawson's designs funded partly by himself. The council declined in favour of extending the town hall and building the civic centre.[38]
Governance
[edit]
The coat of arms of the former Bolton County Borough Council
Lying within the county boundaries of Lancashire, until the early 19th century, Great Bolton and Little Bolton were two of the eighteen townships of the ecclesiastical parish of Bolton le Moors.[39][40] These townships were separated by the River Croal, Little Bolton on the north bank and Great Bolton on the south.[6][13][14] Bolton Poor Law Union was formed on 1 February 1837. It continued using existing poorhouses at Fletcher Street and Turton but in 1856 started to build a new workhouse at Fishpool Farm in Farnworth. Townleys Hospital was built on the site which is now Royal Bolton Hospital.[41]
In 1838 Great Bolton, most of Little Bolton and the Haulgh area of Tonge with Haulgh were incorporated under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 as a municipal borough, the second to be created in England. Further additions were made adding part of Rumworth in 1872 and part of Halliwell in 1877.[42][43] In 1889 Bolton was granted County Borough status and became self-governing and independent from Lancashire County Council jurisdiction. In 1898, the borough was extended further by adding the civil parishes of Breightmet, Darcy Lever, Great Lever, the rest of Halliwell, Heaton, Lostock, Middle Hulton, the rest of Rumworth which had been renamed Deane in 1894, Smithills, and Tonge plus Astley Bridge Urban District, and part of Over Hulton civil parish.[42][43] The County Borough of Bolton was abolished in 1974 and became a constituent part of the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester.[42][43] Bolton unsuccessfully applied for city status in 2011.[44][45]
Bolton Council is divided into twenty wards, each of which elects three councillors for a term of up to four years.[46]
Under the Reform Act of 1832, a Parliamentary Borough was established.[7] The Bolton constituency was represented by two Members of Parliament (MPs).[47] The Parliamentary Borough continued until 1950 when it was abolished and replaced with two parliamentary constituencies, Bolton East and Bolton West, each with one Member of Parliament.[47] In 1983 Bolton East was abolished and two new constituencies were created, Bolton North East, and Bolton South East covering most of the former Farnworth constituency. At the same time major boundary changes also took place to Bolton West, which took over most of the former Westhoughton constituency.[47][48] Under the town twinning scheme the local council have twinned Bolton with Le Mans in France, since 1967,[49][50] and Paderborn in Germany, since 1975.[49]
It is surrounded by several neighbouring towns and villages that together form the Borough of Bolton, of which Bolton is the administrative centre. The town of Bolton has a population of 139,403, whilst the wider metropolitan borough has a population of 262,400.
Geography
[edit]
Further information: Geography of Greater Manchester
A panoramic view of Bolton and environs from the north-west, taken from Winter Hill.
Close to the West Pennine Moors, Bolton is 10 miles (16 km) north-west of Manchester.
The early name, Bolton le Moors, described the position of the town amid the low hills on the edge of the West Pennine Moors southeast of Rivington Pike (456 m). Bolton lies on relatively flat land on both sides of the clough or steep-banked valley through which the River Croal flows in a southeasterly direction towards the River Irwell.[6] The geological formation around Bolton consists of sandstones of the Carboniferous series and Coal Measures; in the northern part of Bolton the lower Coal Measures are mixed with underlying Millstone Grit.[14]
v
t
e
Neighbouring towns, villages and places.
Horwich
Egerton and Chapeltown
Tottington
Aspull and Blackrod
Bolton
Little Lever and Radcliffe
Westhoughton
Atherton and Tyldesley
Farnworth and Kearsley
Climate in the Greater Manchester area is generally similar to the climate of England, although owing to protection from the mountains in North Wales it experiences slightly lower than average rainfall except during the summer months, when rainfall is higher than average.[51] Bolton has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).[52][53]
v
t
e
Areas and suburbs of Bolton
Astley Bridge
Barrow Bridge
Breightmet
Burnden
Deane
Doffcocker
Great Lever
Halliwell
Heaton
Horrocks Fold
Lostock
Markland Hill
Rumworth
Smithills
Tonge
Demography
[edit]
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(March 2025)
Bolton compared
2021 Census
Bolton
Bolton
(borough)
Greater
Manchester
England
Total population
296,000
295,963
2,867,752
56,490,048
White
71.9%
72%
76.4%
81%
Asian
20.1%
19.8%
13.5%
9.7%
Black
3.8%
3.8%
4.7%
4.2%
Source: Office for National Statistics[54]
At the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, according to the Office for National Statistics, the Urban Subdivision of Bolton[55] was part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area and had a total resident population of 139,403, of which 67,823 (48.7%) were male and 71,580 (51.3%) were female,[56] living in 57,827 households.[57] The settlement occupied 4,446 hectares (17.17 sq mi), compared with 2,992 hectares (11.55 sq mi) in the 1991 census, though the 2001 Urban census area contains a large rural area to the south of the town. Its population density was 31.35 people per hectare compared with an average of 40.20 across the Greater Manchester Urban Area.[56] The median age of the population was 35, compared with 36 within the Greater Manchester Urban Area and 37 across England and Wales.[58]
The majority of the population of Bolton were born in England (87.10%); 2.05% were born elsewhere within the United Kingdom, 1.45% within the rest of the European Union, and 9.38% elsewhere in the world.[59]
Data on religious beliefs across the town in the 2001 census show that 67.9% declared themselves to be Christian, 12.5% stated that they were Muslim, 8.6% said they held no religion, and 3.4% reported themselves as Hindu.[60]
Population change
[edit]
For earlier population figures, see Great Bolton and Little Bolton.
Population changes in Bolton since 1891
Year
Population
±%
1891
146,487
—
1901
168,215
+14.8%
1911
180,851
+7.5%
1921
178,683
−1.2%
Year
Population
±%
1931
177,250
−0.8%
1939
163,823
−7.6%
1951
167,167
+2.0%
1961
160,789
−3.8%
Year
Population
±%
1971
154,223
−4.1%
1981
143,921
−6.7%
1991
139,020
−3.4%
2001
139,403
+0.3%
Sources: County Borough 1891–1971.[7][61][62] Urban Subdivision 1981–2001.[56][63][64]
Economy
[edit]
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(March 2025)
Bolton compared
2001 UK Census
Bolton
GM Urban Area
England
Population (16–74)
97,859
1,606,414
35,532,091
Full-time employment
37.0%
40.1%
40.8%
Part-time employment
11.7%
11.2%
11.8%
Self-employed
6.7%
6.6%
8.3%
Unemployed
4.2%
3.6%
3.3%
Retired
13.0%
13.0%
13.5%
Source: Office for National Statistics[65]
At the time of the 2001 Census, 56,390 people resident in Bolton were in employment. Of these, 21.13% worked in the wholesale and retail trade, including repair of motor vehicles; 18.71% worked within manufacturing industry; 11.00% worked within the health and social work sector and 6.81% were employed in the transport, storage and communication industries.[66]
In the last quarter of the 20th century heavy industry was replaced by service-based activities including data processing, call centres, hi-tech electronics and IT companies. The town retains some traditional industries employing people in paper-manufacturing, packaging, textiles, transportation, steel foundries and building materials. Missiles were produced at the British Aerospace (BAe) factory in Lostock, now closed. The Reebok brand's European headquarters are located at the Reebok Stadium. Bolton is also the home of the family bakery, Warburtons, established in 1876 on Blackburn Road. On 13 February 2003, Bolton was granted Fairtrade Town status.[67]
Bolton attracts visitors to its shopping centres, markets, public houses, restaurants and cafes in the town centre as well retail parks and leisure facilities close to the town centre and in the surrounding towns and suburbs.[68][69] Tourism plays a part in the economy, visitor attractions include Hall i' th' Wood, Smithills Hall and Country Park, Last Drop Village, Barrow Bridge and the Bolton Steam Museum.[70][71]
There are several regeneration projects planned for Bolton over the next ten years, including Church Wharf by Ask Developments and Bluemantle[72] and Merchant's Quarter by local developer Charles Topham group, which together will contribute 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m2) of business space.[73] The Bolton Innovation Zone is a large £300 million development with the University of Bolton at its core. Bolton is pursuing major redevelopment projects in its town centre, including the regeneration of Crompton Place and Church Wharf areas, aimed at promoting residential, commercial, and leisure spaces.[74]
Landmarks
[edit]
See also: Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester, Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester, and List of public art in Greater Manchester
The 14th-century Smithills Hall is now a museum.
Situated in the town centre on the site of a former market is the Grade II* listed town hall, an imposing neoclassical building designed by William Hill and opened in June 1873 by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales.[16] In the 1930s the building was extended by Bradshaw Gass & Hope.[16][75] Within the Town Hall are the 'Albert Halls and several function rooms. The original, single Albert Hall was destroyed by fire on 14 November 1981. After rebuilding work, it was replaced by the present Albert Halls, which were opened in 1985.[75] The halls underwent a major restoration project, reopening in 2017.[76]
The Great Hall of Smithills Hall was built in the 14th century when William de Radcliffe received the Manor of Smithills from the Hultons, the chapel dates from the 16th century and was extended during the 19th. Smithills Hall was where, in 1555, George Marsh was tried for heresy during the Marian Persecutions. After being "examined" at Smithills, according to local tradition, George Marsh stamped his foot so hard to re-affirm his faith, that a footprint was left in the stone floor. It is a Grade I listed building and is now a museum.[77][78]
Hall i' th' Wood, now a museum, is a late mediaeval yeoman farmer's house built by Laurence Brownlow. Around 1637 it was owned by the Norris family, who added the stone west wing. In the 18th century it was divided up into tenements. Samuel Crompton lived and worked there. In the 19th century it deteriorated further until in 1895 it was bought by industrialist William Hesketh Lever, who restored it and presented it to Bolton Council in 1900.[79]
Bolton's 26 conservation areas contain 700 listed buildings, many of which are in the town centre, and there is parkland including the Victorian Queen's Park, Leverhulme Park and other open spaces in the surrounding area.[80][81] These include Le Mans Crescent, Ye Olde Man & Scythe, Little Bolton Town Hall, the Market Place, Wood Street and Holy Trinity Church. The Market Hall of 1854 is a Grade II listed building.[82] Outside the town centre can be found Mere Hall, Firwood Fold, Haulgh Hall, Park Cottage, St Mary's Church, Deane, Lostock Hall Gatehouse and All Souls Church. Notable mills still overlooking parts of the town are Sir John Holden's Mill[83] and Swan Lane Mills.[84]
Most views northwards are dominated by Rivington Pike and the Winter Hill TV Mast on the West Pennine Moors above the town.[85]
Transport
[edit]
Bolton is well served by the local road network and national routes. The A6, a major north–south trunk road, passes to the west through Hunger Hill and Westhoughton. The A666 dual carriageway, is a spur to and from the M61 motorway through the town centre to Astley Bridge, Egerton, Darwen and Blackburn. The M61 has three dedicated junctions serving the borough.
A network of local buses coordinated by Transport for Greater Manchester serves the Bolton district and beyond;[86] bus operators include Go North West and Diamond North West, both under the TfGM branding of Bee Network. Bolton is also served by the National Express coach network. The bus station on Moor Lane was scheduled to be replaced by a new interchange in the town centre next to the railway station by the end of 2014, at a cost of £48 million.[87]
Bolton Interchange is managed by Northern; the railway station is part of a town centre transport interchange with services to Manchester, Wigan, Southport, Kirkby, Blackburn, Preston, Blackpool, Barrow in Furness, Windermere, Glasgow, Edinburgh and intermediate stations operated by Northern and TransPennine Express.[88][89]
Education
[edit]
See also: List of schools in Bolton
Bolton School, a private day school, was founded on a site next to the parish church in 1524 as a grammar school for boys; it merged around 1656 with a free grammar school (Lever's grammar) that had been founded shortly after 1641.[7][90][91][92] In 1898, it moved to its present site in Chorley New Road, and in 1913 merged with Bolton Girls' Day School.[93] In 1855 the Bolton Church Institute was founded by Canon James Slade near to the parish church. The school became Canon Slade School, which has since relocated to Bradshaw.[94] The town's other secondary schools include Bolton St Catherine's Academy, Ladybridge High School, Rivington and Blackrod High School, Sharples School, Smithills School, Thornleigh Salesian College, and University Collegiate School. Bolton College provides further education from sites throughout the borough.[95] Bolton Sixth Form College comprises the Town Centre Campus and Farnworth Campus.[96] The Bolton TIC (Technical Innovation Centre), opened in 2006, supports local schools by providing additional technical training.[97] The University of Bolton, formerly the Bolton Institute of Higher Education, gained university status in 2005.[98]
Religion
[edit]
See also: List of churches in Greater Manchester
Bolton Parish ChurchBolton Parish Church Interior
Religion in Bolton 2001[99]
UK Census 2001
Bolton
(borough)
Greater
Manchester
England
Christian
74.56%
78.01%
71.74%
No religion
8.75%
10.48%
14.59%
Muslim
7.07%
3.04%
3.1%
Buddhist
0.10%
0.18%
0.28%
Hindu
2.00%
0.40%
1.11%
Jewish
0.06%
0.42%
0.52%
Sikh
0.03%
0.10%
0.67%
Other religions
0.15%
0.16%
0.29%
Religion not stated
7.28%
7.23%
7.69%
There is evidence from Saxon times of Christian churches and at the time of the Civil War a Puritan and nonconformist presence in the town. The Unitarians were among the early dissenting congregations which eventually included Methodists, Baptists, Seventh Day Adventist and other denominations. More than forty churches were built during the Victorian era, but some have now been closed, demolished or converted to other uses.[100][101]
Today, the parish of Bolton-le-Moors covers a small area in the town centre,[102] but until the 19th century it covered a much larger area, divided into eighteen chapelries and townships.[14][103] The neighbouring ancient parish of Deane centred around St Mary's Church once covered a large area to the west and south of Bolton,[104] and the township of Great Lever was part of the ancient parish of Middleton.[103]
The Church of St Peter, commonly known as Bolton Parish Church, is an example of the gothic revival style. Built between 1866 and 1871 of Longridge stone to designs by Paley, the church is 67 ft (20.4 m) in width, 156 ft (47.5 m) in length, and 82 ft (25.0 m) in height. The tower is 180 ft (54.9 m) high with 13 bells.[11] The first church on the same site was built in Anglo-Saxon times. It was rebuilt in Norman times and again in the early 15th century. Little is known of the first two earlier churches, but the third building was a solid, squat building with a sturdy square tower at the west end. It was modified over the years until it fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1866.[14] Fragments of stone and other artefacts from these first three buildings are displayed in the museum corner of the present church.[11]
St Mary's Deane, once the only church in a parish of ten townships in the hundred of Salford, is a church established in Saxon times. The current building dates from 1250 with extensions and restoration in the 19th century and is a Grade II* listed building.[105]
St George's Church was built between 1794 and 1796 when Little Bolton was a separate township. Built by Peter Rothwell and paid for by the Ainsworth family.[106] in 1975 it was leased to Bolton Council, and became a craft centre in 1994.[107] St Patrick's Roman Catholic Church on Great Moor Street, was built in 1861.[108]
The New Zakaria Mosque, the first mosque in Bolton, served the Muslim community from Pakistan and India from the 1960s. The first place of worship for Hindus was in the former St Barnabas Church, converted into a Hindu temple.[100]
Sport
[edit]
Bolton Wanderers F.C. is an English Football League club which was formed in 1874 and for 102 years played at Burnden Park. The club moved to the Toughsheet Community Stadium in Horwich in 1997. The club has won four FA Cups, the most recent in 1958, and spent 73 seasons in the top division of the English league – more than any club never to have been league champions.[109]
Bolton Hockey Club fields women's, men's, and junior teams and has more than 120 playing members.[110] The town has a local cricket leagues, the Bolton Cricket League,[111] Bolton also has a rugby union club, Bolton RUFC formed in 1872 situated on Avenue Street. The club operates four senior teams, as well as women's and junior sections.[112] Bolton Robots of Doom is a baseball club started in 2003, playing home games at Stapleton Avenue. In addition to the adult team there is a junior team, Bolton Bears. Baseball in Bolton dates back to 1938 with a team called Bolton Scarlets.[113] An American football team, the Bolton Bulldogs, plays home games at Smithills School operating varsity and junior varsity teams.[114] Speedway racing, known as Dirt Track Racing, was staged at Raikes Park in the pioneering days of 1928, but the speedway was short-lived.[115] Greyhound racing took place at the Raikes Park Greyhound Stadium from 1927 until 1996.[116]
Culture and society
[edit]
Bolton Civic Centre in 1994, Le Mans Crescent
According to a survey of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Boltonians are the friendliest people in Britain.[117] Humphrey Spender photographed Bolton calling it Worktown for the Mass-Observation Project, a social research organisation which aimed to record everyday life in Britain. His photographs provide a record of ordinary people living and working in a British pre-War industrial town.[118]
Bolton has several theatres including the Octagon and independent groups such as Bolton Little Theatre and the Phoenix Theatre Company. Comedian Peter Kay was a member of the Octagon youth theatre and worked in the box office for about four months, until being dismissed. Actress Maxine Peake made her professional debut at the Octagon and director Danny Boyle was inspired to start his career when he worked there as an usher.[119] Inside the Town Hall there is a theatre and conference complex, the Albert Halls. Le Mans Crescent, home to the central library, museum, art gallery, aquarium, magistrates' court and town hall, is to be the centre of a new Cultural Quarter. The library and museum are to be extended into the area now occupied by the Magistrates Court. Bolton Museum and Art Gallery houses a collection of local and international art.[120] Bolton Steam Museum houses a variety of preserved steam engines in part of the old Atlas Mill.[121] A noted 1953 painting by L. S. Lowry depicts match-day crowds at Burnden Park, the former home stadium of Bolton Wanderers Football Club. The painting is in the collection of The Lowry arts centre in Salford, and was exhibited at Bolton Museum and Art Gallery in 2023.[122]
Bolton Central Library was one of the earliest public libraries established after the Public Libraries Act 1850, opening in October 1853 in the Exchange Building on the old market square (Victoria Square) before moving to Le Mans Crescent in July 1938.[123] The Bolton Symphony Orchestra performs regular concerts at the Albert Halls and Victoria Hall in the town centre.[124] The 2008 BBC Radio 3 Adult Choir of the Year[125] and five times gold-medal winning barbershop chorus The Cottontown Chorus is based in Bolton.[126]
Bolton Community and Voluntary Services supports voluntary and community activities.[127] A network of volunteer groups look after the environment in Bolton supported by Bolton Green Umbrella.[128]
The first Bolton LGBT+ Pride was held in 2015 and has been an ongoing annual event which since its second year has included a parade and live music.[129][130]
Fiction
[edit]
The fictional village of Newbank in Benjamin Disraeli's novel Coningsby was based in part on the industrial village of Barrow Bridge.[131]Spring and Port Wine by playwright, Bill Naughton was filmed and set in Bolton and The Family Way based on Naughton's play All in Good Time was also filmed and set in the town.[132] Peter Kay filmed comedy TV series That Peter Kay Thing in the town.
Bolton has been used as a setting for film and television drama. Le Mans Crescent has featured as a London street in the Jeremy Brett version of Sherlock Holmes, a Russian secret service building in the 1990s comedy series Sleepers and in Peaky Blinders in 2014.[133] The 1990s BBC drama Between the Lines filmed an episode in Victoria Square.[134]
Media
[edit]
The town's daily newspaper is The Bolton News, formerly the Bolton Evening News. There is a weekly free paper, the Bolton Journal and Bolton Council's monthly newspaper, Bolton Scene. The town is part of the BBC North West and ITV Granada television regions, served by the Winter Hill transmitter near Belmont. Local radio is provided by BBC Radio Manchester, BBC Radio Lancashire, Capital Manchester and Lancashire, Heart North West, and Greatest Hits Radio Greater Manchester (formerly Tower FM), which broadcasts across Bolton and Bury. Community based radio station Bolton FM began broadcasting in 2009.[135]
Public services
[edit]
See also: Healthcare in Greater Manchester
Bolton is policed by the Bolton Division of Greater Manchester Police. The statutory emergency fire and rescue service is provided by the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service, from Bolton Central, Bolton North, Horwich and Farnworth Fire Stations.[136] Hospital services are provided by the Bolton NHS Foundation Trust, which provides Accident and Emergency and other services at Royal Bolton Hospital in Farnworth.[137] Community health services, including GPs, district and community nurses, dentists and pharmacists, are co-ordinated by the Bolton Primary Care Trust.[138] Waste management is co-ordinated by the Greater Manchester Waste Disposal Authority.[139] Bolton's Distribution Network Operator for electricity is Electricity North West Ltd.[140] United Utilities manage Bolton's drinking and waste water.[141]
Notable people
[edit]
Main article: List of people from Bolton
Among the notable people born in Bolton are the Protestant martyr George Marsh, 1515–55,[78] the inventor of the spinning mule that revolutionised the textile industry, Samuel Crompton, 1753–1827,[142] and industrialist Lord Leverhulme of Bolton-le-Moors, 1851–1925.[38]
More recently, people born and raised in Bolton include Fred Dibnah, a steeplejack who became a popular television historian of Britain's industrial past;[143] world champion boxer Amir Khan, who became the WBA World light-welterweight champion on 18 July 2009 at the age of 22, making him Britain's third-youngest world champion boxer;[144] comedian Peter Kay;[145] and president of the International Paralympic Committee Philip Craven.[146] Playwright and author Bill Naughton was born in Ireland but brought up in Bolton from an early age.[132]
See also
[edit]
Greater Manchester portal
List of mills in Bolton
Listed buildings in Bolton
References
[edit]
Citations
[edit]
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^A Short History of the School. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014. cite book: |work= ignored (help)
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^"St Mary the Virgin, Deane", GENUKI, archived from the original on 4 February 2008, retrieved 9 February 2008
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^Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004)
^Bolton – St Patrick Archived 17 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine from English Heritage, retrieved 13 February 2016
^Seasons in the Top Flight of English Football by Clubs, www.myfootballfacts.com, archived from the original on 23 April 2012, retrieved 13 July 2012
^Bolton Hockey Club, boltonhc.co.uk, archived from the original on 13 January 2010, retrieved 3 December 2009
^The Bolton Cricket League, archived from the original on 17 December 2008, retrieved 17 September 2008
^Bolton RUFC, rfu.com, archived from the original on 1 February 2013, retrieved 3 December 2009
^Bolton Baseball, boltonbaseball.co.uk, archived from the original on 6 April 2010, retrieved 3 December 2009
^Bolton Bulldogs, boltonbulldogs.co.uk, archived from the original on 19 April 2013, retrieved 3 December 2009
^Tiger Jack Wood – Bolton's Broadsider, archived from the original on 21 November 2007, retrieved 8 November 2007
^Barnes, Julia (1988). Daily Mirror Greyhound Fact File. Ringpress Books. pp. 276–278. ISBN 0-948955-15-5.
^"Bolton people 'are friendliest in Britain'", The Bolton News, 26 August 2003, archived from the original on 28 September 2007, retrieved 25 January 2010
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^BBC - Peter Kay plays secret homecoming shows to raise funds for Bolton Octagon theatre, 10th December 2023 Archived 11 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine
^"The Art Collection", Bolton Library and Museum Services, archived from the original on 2 May 2014, retrieved 3 December 2009
^"The Northern Mill Engine Society Collection", Northern Mill Engine Society, archived from the original on 10 May 2020, retrieved 23 February 2016
^"History of Bolton Wanderers celebrated in free exhibition". The Bolton News. 26 March 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
^Dunne (1978)
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^Bolton Community and Voluntary Services, A social value approach for Bolton Archived 4 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 4 August 2021
^"Home". Bolton Pride. Archived from the original on 21 September 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
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Bibliography
[edit]
Ashmore, Owen (1982), The Industrial Archaeology of North-West England, Manchester University Press, ISBN 978-0-7190-0820-7
Dunne, Tom (1978), Bolton Public Libraries 1853–1978, Arts Department of Bolton Metropolitan Borough, ISBN 978-0-906585-00-9
Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2004), Lancashire: Manchester and the South-East, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-10583-4
Lewis, Samuel (1835), A Topographical Dictionary of England (3rd ed.), archived from the original on 28 May 2024, retrieved 9 November 2020
Mills, David (2011), A Dictionary of British Place-Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-852758-9, archived from the original on 28 May 2024, retrieved 15 March 2016
Shorrocks, Graham (1999), A Grammar of the Dialect of the Bolton Area: Introduction, phonology, Peter Lang, ISBN 978-0-9529333-0-4
Smith, Peter J. C. (1991), Zeppelins over Lancashire, Neil Richardson, ISBN 1-85216-066-7
Sweeney, D. J. (1996), A Lancashire Triangle Part One, Triangle Publishing, ISBN 978-0-9529333-0-4
Wood, C. M. (1974), The Geography of Pollution: A Study of Greater Manchester, Manchester University Press, ISBN 9780719005640, archived from the original on 28 May 2024, retrieved 15 March 2016
Further reading
[edit]
Southern, Christine (1975), The Changing Face of Bolton, Hendon Publishing Lancs., ISBN 0-902907-76-X
External links
[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Bolton.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bolton.
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About Window blind
Type of window covering
"Blinds" redirects here. For other uses, see Blinds (disambiguation).
"Venetian blind" redirects here. For the novel, see Venetian Blind (novel). For the video game, see Venetian Blinds (video game).
"Windowshade" redirects here. For the Mac OS feature, see WindowShade.
For the desktop theming software, see WindowBlinds.
Various window blind styles
A window blind is a type of window covering.[1] There are many different kinds of window blinds which use a variety of control systems. A typical window blind is made up of several long horizontal or vertical slats of various types of hard material, including wood, plastic or metal which are held together by cords that run through the blind slats. Vertical blinds run along a track system which can tilt open and closed and move side-to-side. Window blinds can be manoeuvred with either a manual or remote control by rotating them from an open position, with slats spaced out, to a closed position where slats overlap and block out most of the light. There are also several types of window coverings, called shades, that use a single piece of soft material instead of slats.
The term window blinds can also be used to describe window coverings more broadly. In this context window blinds include almost every type of window covering, whether it is a hard or soft material; i.e. shutters, roller shades, cellular shades (also called honeycomb shades), wood blinds, Roman shades, standard vertical, and horizontal blinds (also called Venetians). In the United Kingdom, awnings are sometimes called blinds or shades.
Overview
[edit]
Window blinds stopper. An old window part to prevent open window blinds from closing. From the Sarona Museum in Israel.
Window blinds are generally sold as either ready-made or made to measure. As the names suggest, blinds that are ready-made are manufactured to set sizes based on typical window dimensions, whereas blinds that are made to a measurement are cut to a specific width and drop to match the window. The advantage of ready-made blinds is their availability and cost, whereas blinds that are made to measure will be more expensive but better fit the dimensions of a window.
Aside from coming in different dimensions, window blinds can also come in a variety of different styles, materials, colours and patterns. Below is a list of several popular styles of blinds:
Panel
Pleated
Roller
Roman
Venetian
Vertical
Wooden
Window blinds can be drawn manually using a cord, or automated through motorization. Controls for motorized blinds can be from a wall switch or keypad, remote control, or computer, eliminating the need for cords and allowing control of otherwise inaccessible windows. A number of modern homes are integrating blind control with central C-Bus solutions. This control provides ease of use and is effective for controlling blind operation to reduce heat loss during winter or minimize heat from the sun during summer.[citation needed]
Types
[edit]
Panel
[edit]
Panel blinds, sometimes referred to as Japanese blinds as they are based on Japanese shÃ…ÂÂÂÂji, are thin blinds in a panel shape that run along a track. Almost any fabric or paper can be employed, although 90% of all shoji blinds use white polyester to imitate 'washi' Japanese paper.[clarification needed]
Japanese shoji blinds in Nottingham, UK
Cellular shades
[edit]
Cellular shades, also called honeycomb shades, hanging in a window
Cellular shades or cellular blinds, sometimes referred to as honeycomb shades, are a type of window blind made of a long and continuous fabric with a cellular structure when opened and fold onto themselves when closed. The honeycomb shades were introduced in 1985.[2] The fabric is often made from soft paper or cloth-like material and is available in a variety of different structures including single cell, double cell or triple cell. Cellular blinds work by trapping air inside the cell structure once opened and create a barrier between the window surface and the room. Due to the unavailability of standardized tests, no ranking system currently exists to compare the efficacy of these blinds.
Windows and doors make up for almost one-third of a home's total thermal loss, according to the Department of Energy (United Kingdom).[3] This applies to heat loss in winter as well as entry of undesired heat in summer. When air inside the room comes in contact with windows, it is cooled or warmed. By convection, this air then circulates around the room. Cell shapes in the blinds hold trapped air and create a barrier between the window surface and the room, thus lessening the transfer of heat. Shades, however, provide only slight control of air infiltration.[4]
In common with all blinds, cellular shades can reduce solar gain in summer and provide room darkening or blackout for sleeping. Like most other window treatments, they are raised and lowered with a string. Cordless cellular shades are available to reduce the risk of strangulation for small children.[5] One may also have the option of lowering the top of the shade down, and/or the bottom of the shade up; commonly referred to as a Top-Down-Bottom-Up mechanism.
Roman
[edit]
Roman shades are a type of window blind used to help block out the sun. Although often called blinds, these are actually referred to as "shades" in the window covering industry. They are often referred to as Romans or Roman blinds in the UK. When opened, the Romans stack up evenly; when covering the full window height, they are smooth without overlapping.
Roman blinds can be purchased with a blackout lining on the back to fully block out sunlight. However, there will always be small light gaps on the edges of the blinds if mounted on the inside of the window frame or peeking out from behind the blind if mounted on the frame around the window.
Unlike other blinds, such as certain fabrics used for roller shades, vinyl vertical blinds, or vinyl horizontal blinds, Roman shades are not an ideal option for areas with a lot of moisture, such as bathrooms or windows above a kitchen sink.
Independence Hall
Roller
[edit]
Roller blinds are a type of window blind that is typically made from a polyester fabric wrapped around a plastic or metal roller. The roller may either be exposed or enclosed inside of a frame and can be placed at the top of the window recess or outside of the recess. To control the roller blind there is typically a chain or string on either side of the blind. When the side chain is pulled one direction the roller will raise, and if pulled in the opposite direction it will lower instead.
Some manufacturers also produce a version of roller blinds with two layers of fabric, sometimes referred to as double roller blinds, for even greater control of light filtration through a window. Typically, one layer will be made of a sheer fabric that can be used to reduce glare, with a second layer that typically includes a blackout lining for even greater filtration when necessary.
A Venetian blind is a type of window blind made from overlapping horizontal slats that are typically lowered and drawn together by pulling a cord.[6] The slats are typically manufactured using a rigid material such as aluminium, plastic, or wood and move in unison through a series of wires that run through the blinds.
1841 for modern style blinds able to be held at angles and adjustable by cords
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Venetian blinds were widely adopted in office buildings to regulate light and air. A large modern complex in the US that adopted Venetian blinds was Rockefeller Center's RCA Building (better known as the Radio City building) in New York City, completed in the 1930s. One of the largest orders for Venetian blinds ever placed was to the Burlington Venetian Blind Co., of Burlington, Vermont, which supplied blinds for the windows of the Empire State Building in New York City.[7][8] In 1994, a design for Venetian blinds integrated with window glass panels was patented.[9] This new type of blind overcomes the problems related to damaging and fouling. Usually, magnets are used for motor transmission in order to preserve the sealing inside the insulating glass.[citation needed]
Vertical
[edit]
Vertical blinds, vanes are rotated to semi-closed position
Vertical blinds were introduced in 1948 (Flexible Blind Company, Hunter Douglas[10]), and gained acceptance as an alternative to draperies due to the streamlined look, versatility, energy efficiency, large variety of finishes.[11] The construction includes a horizontal (occasionally, in custom designs, tilted) track with moving carriers and vertical strips, called vanes, hanging off the carriers[12] (attached by clips). The vanes can rotate, changing the amount of light entering the room, and, when in open position, traverse the track (and thus be stacked compactly on one side of the window). When closed, the vanes tightly overlap, creating a good barrier against the sunlight penetration in summer and energy loss in winter.[11]
Unlike horizontal blinds, vertical blinds are less likely to collect dust because they stand vertically. Since they draw to the side rather than lifting and lowering, they are easier and faster to operate. They operate best on patio doors and sliding windows that slide from side to side. In the 1970s there were few choices of fabric- usually beige or white, which had to have stiffener embedded to prevent fraying, rather like on roller blinds fabric but using a thicker textile.
Vertical blinds became available in flat plastic (PVC), fabric, embossed PVC, also S-curved slats. A more modern modification is to offer them with wood trim at the top and bottom—sometimes midway as well—and these are usually described as "Japanese Vertical blinds" because they are often coordinated with Japanese style Shoji blinds using the same timber. Vertical blinds were most popular in the UK during the 1990s, since then sales have slowed as they lost popularity with a younger generation.
Stationary vertical blinds are hung in the doorways of some homes and businesses which generally leave the door open. Movement of the blind may signal a change in airflow, or someone entering the doorway. More commonly, however, these vertical blinds are made of thick plastic. In the cold rooms of food businesses, this slows the heat leakage into the cold room. In warmer climates, vertical blinds discourage flies and some other insects from entering the building. In certain areas of the UK window blinds are used to disguise the fact that offices have PCs in them and are used as a burglary deterrent.
Others
[edit]
Pleated blind
Other varieties of window blinds include mini blinds (typically aluminum, Venetian-Style blinds with very narrow slats, usually 25 mm or 1 inch wide), micro blinds (usually
13 mm or 1⁄2 inch wide), louvers, jalousies, brise soleil and pleated blinds.
Materials
[edit]
Blinds can be made in a variety of materials; some expensive and some less so. Less expensive blinds are usually made in polyester, aluminum, or PVC. These are inexpensive materials that are all easily accessible and yet durable at the same time.
A window blind is a means of screening a window, achieving similar results to those obtained by fitting curtains. Blinds are typically the same width and height as the window itself or slightly wider and taller—depending on whether they are fixed inside (Recess) or outside (Facefix) the window's reveal (i.e. the wall recess within which the window itself is fixed).
Window blinds have varying thermal effects: they can block unwanted heat of the summer sun and they can keep in heat in cold weather. But in both of these applications, they also reduce light to varying degrees, depending on the design. Many kinds of blinds attempt varying balances of privacy and shade. Blinds can be made of a number of different materials and manufactured in a number of different ways. This usually determines the name by which the blind is commonly known.
Fabric
[edit]
Blinds (otherwise referred to as "shades") made of fabric can either be rolled up (on a tube; Roller shades), folded up (Roman shades) or pushed up in an accordion style (Pleated and Cellular shades). Many fabrics are used including cotton, polyester, wool, viscose and silk to create these shades. A silk cloth can be present or embroidery stitch, which will give tissue varied terrain.
Wood
[edit]
Wood blinds on an outside windowNet blind on a wooden window, Bengaluru, India
Wooden blinds (Venetian blinds)
[edit]
Wooden blinds are generally known as Venetian blinds. A number of horizontal wooden slats are joined by corded pulleys which can either gather all the slats at the top of the window to reveal the view or simply angle the slats while allowing some light to travel through the blind yet retaining some level of privacy. Wooden blinds come in a number of finishes (determined by the type of wood used, which ranges from painted to most types of solid oak varieties) and sizes (determined by the width of each slat which is usually available in one of three widths—25 mm [1 in],
35 mm [1+1⁄2 in], or 50 mm [2 in]). Wooden Venetian blinds are also available as vertical blinds. These are usually made up of wider slats and operate in virtually the same way as their horizontal counterparts (i.e. instead of drawing upwards to reveal the window, they draw to one side gathering in a vertical bunch).
Pinoleum blinds
[edit]
Pinoleum blinds are made up of small wooden twigs laid horizontally which are joined by vertical threading. The resulting weave is, as a result, only flexible vertically and can be drawn upwards once manufactured as a roller blind or in a similar fashion to a Venetian blind. Conservatory blinds are often made with Pinoleum.
In Malaysia, an outdoor blind is sometimes called a "chik". The word was carried over from India by the British during the colonial times.
Faux wood
[edit]
Faux wood blinds are an alternative to real wood blinds. Faux wood is also known by the trade name Plaswood (a portmanteau of plastic & wood). Made of a composite of man-made materials and natural wood particles, faux wood can be a less expensive choice than natural wood. These blinds have become more popular as the products have matured, becoming cheaper and more versatile at the same time offering more of a natural wood look. Current faux wood blinds are warp resistant, have UV ratings as high as 500 and come in colors that would be hard to find in natural wood blinds. Because of their resistance to warping, faux wood window blinds are suitable for areas with extreme temperature swings or high moisture, such as bathrooms and kitchens.
Venetian blinds, both horizontal and vertical, are available in a number of man-made materials (either resembling wood or metal or simply plastic). These are better suited to areas where moisture or direct contact with water is likely to cause a problem, such as bathrooms and kitchens. These blinds are often available with micro slats (as small as
16 mm or 5⁄8 in or less). The result of smaller slats is that more have to be used to obscure the window completely. Conservatory blinds (i.e. ceiling fixed via a number of horizontal pulleys) are often made of man-made materials.
Safety
[edit]
Corded window blinds present a strangulation hazard to children, causing 184 deaths in the United States between 1996 and 2012.[13] Recalls of window covering products have not significantly reduced the number of deaths since 1980. Retrofit kits have been used since 1995 to "reduce" the strangulation hazard; however, children have strangled on retrofit kits since 1995.[14] The US CPSC recommends using cordless or cord-free window coverings where children live or visit.[15] For window coverings that use continuous-loop cord systems, like vertical blinds, a wall cord cleat can be used to anchor the cord tightly to the wall and prevent children from having access to the dangling cord loop. Window blinds slats are held together with cords that allow for tilting slats, raising or lowering, and these are potentially dangerous if loose. As an added precaution, cord stops should be installed correctly and adjusted to restrict the movement of inner lift cords.[16]
Vehicle blinds
[edit]
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Shades on a United Airlines Boeing 747-400
Some vehicles include or are retrofitted with sun blinds for rear and rear side windows. See also car glass. These blinds are used to protect the vehicle and the passengers from direct sunlight.
Car shades are another common way to protect the vehicle. The shades for the rear and front windows are designed to be unfolded and sit against the window. They can be made of plastic or cardboard. The shades that go on the side windows of a vehicle are usually attached using either suction cups or static cling.
Solid fabric and slat car blinds have given way to cheaper and more flexible, folding, wire-framed "dark-stocking" synthetic blinds. These are used where the car owner has not dark-tinted the glass of the car windows enough, or during the day, by drivers or passengers seeking more privacy.
Most commercial airliners feature window blinds in the passenger cabin. These blinds are generally made of plastic and are usually closed during cruises. In a first for the aviation industry, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner lacks window blinds – instead, the airliner features an advanced window dimming system that serves the same purpose.
Gallery
[edit]
Examples
Roller blinds installed in a kitchen
Close-up of a track blind, also known as vertical drapes
Track blind
Blind with horizontal slats also, known as Venetian blind
Detail of turning rod (blind stick) attachment on miniblind
A roller blind on a door as a perfect fit roller blind
Facade of a modern residential building with automated blinds
See also
[edit]
Curtain
Home automation
Mini blind
Robotic window cleaner
Sudare
Window treatment
References
[edit]
^
"Definition of window blind". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
^Madill 1995, p. 24.
^"Update or replace windows". energy.gov. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
^"Energy Efficient Window Coverings". Retrieved 9 December 2021.
^Safety Alert: Are Your Window Coverings Safe?, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (retrieved 15 April 2015)
^"Venetian blind Definition & Meaning". dictionary.com. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
^"—and in the Empire State Building", an advertisement for Burlington Venetian Blind Co., in American Architect and Architecture, January 1932, p. 93.
^"Manufacturing in the Maple-Kilburn Area of Burlington, Vermont". uvm.edu. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
^EP 0589496, Berti, Bruno, "Double-glazed windows with venetian blinds", published 30 March 1994, assigned to BERTI Srl
^Abercrombie 1995, p. 250.
^ abMadill 1995, p. 38.
^Madill 1995, p. 39.
^"Window Covering Information Center". U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
^"Minutes of CPSC/Window Cover Manufacturers Meeting" (PDF). 31 March 1994. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
^"CPSC Safety Alert: Are Your Window Coverings Safe?" (PDF). 30 October 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
^"Blind Cord Safety - RoSPA" (PDF). The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents. British Blind and Shutter Association. April 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
Sources
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Madill, Ellen (1995). The Basic Textbook of Window Fashions for Design and Business. G & W McNamara Publishing, Incorporated. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
Abercrombie, S. (1995). George Nelson: The Design of Modern Design. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-51116-2. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Window blinds at Wikimedia Commons
Dear Harmony Blinds Team,
I wanted to take a moment to express my sincere appreciation for the outstanding service I received today. Ian H, who fitted my blinds, did an exceptional job. His professionalism, attention to detail, and friendly demeanor truly made the experience delightful.
The blinds were fitted perfectly, and I am extremely happy with the result. Ian’s expertise and dedication are a credit to your company.
I will definitely recommend Harmony Blinds to my friends and family.
Regards
Christine Charnock-Jones
An excellent service we have come to expect over many years. Today was no exception. Every thing from making the call to booking the appointment, measuring and fitting is of a high standard. Ian who was are engineer today is a people person and works cleanly and efficiently. Would recommend this company.
Thank you so much, Harmony Blinds. We are absolutely delighted with the new shutter-style Venetian blinds. Your specialist, Ian, arrived on time and got to work straight away with the installation. The made-to-measure blinds fitted perfectly, and the quality of the product is clearly on display. This is our second product from Harmony, and we have been consistently impressed with the excellence of your products and services. We would highly recommend Harmony Blinds for both their outstanding quality and professionalism. We also appreciate the friendly and efficient communication throughout the process. We look forward to using your services again in the future.
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